{"response":{"docs":[{"system_create_dtsi":"2025-04-23T02:54:02Z","system_modified_dtsi":"2025-07-03T15:31:00Z","has_model_ssim":["Etd"],"id":"6a1a4a63-e04e-4b1d-a32d-04df47131621","accessControl_ssim":["00c8d105-2dba-46c9-8cf3-0282dfeb1238"],"hasRelatedMediaFragment_ssim":["677318ca-ccbf-4c90-b0ac-18c6e8b956d1"],"hasRelatedImage_ssim":["677318ca-ccbf-4c90-b0ac-18c6e8b956d1"],"depositor_ssim":["jacquelyn.crutchley@ctschicago.edu"],"depositor_tesim":["jacquelyn.crutchley@ctschicago.edu"],"title_tesim":["Autherity: Muslim women’s leadership in American Muslim spaces"],"date_uploaded_dtsi":"2025-04-23T02:54:01Z","date_modified_dtsi":"2025-07-03T15:31:00Z","isPartOf_ssim":["admin_set/default"],"hasEmbargo_ssim":["babb9dbf-38ed-4c18-b141-892e4cd1cfb4"],"hasLease_ssim":["e40ef97b-fd38-4d61-8747-91b2b56f9f50"],"show_pdf_viewer_tesim":["1"],"show_pdf_download_button_tesim":["1"],"institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"format_tesim":["PDF"],"degree_tesim":["Master of Arts"],"discipline_tesim":["Islamic Leadership"],"degree_granting_institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"department_tesim":["Bayan Islamic Graduate School"],"year_tesim":["2025"],"resource_type_tesim":["Thesis"],"types_tesim":["Text"],"creator_tesim":["Crutchley, Jacquelyn"],"keyword_tesim":["Muslim Women Leaders","Islamic Authority","Female Authority","Women in Leadership","American Muslim Women","Female Authority in Islam","American Muslim","Muslim Women"],"subject_tesim":["Islam","Social change","Women in religion","Women--Religious life","Womanist theology","Servant leadership","United States"],"language_tesim":["English"],"abstract_tesim":["This thesis explores the dynamics of Muslim women's leadership within American Muslim spaces, focusing on the challenges, opportunities, and systemic barriers they face. Through a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys and qualitative insights, the study examines the historical and contemporary perspectives on female authority in Islam. It highlights the significant contributions of Muslim women leaders from the time of the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) to the present day, emphasizing their roles in commerce, political consultation, warfare, and education. The research identifies key factors that influence the recognition and actualization of women's leadership potential, including cultural norms, organizational structures, and interpretations of Islamic jurisprudence. By documenting the experiences of Muslim women leaders and proposing recommendations for fostering inclusive environments, this study aims to advance equity and inclusivity within Islamic organizations, ensuring that leadership reflects the principles of justice and mutual respect central to Islamic teachings."],"rights_statement_tesim":["https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"thumbnail_path_ss":"/downloads/677318ca-ccbf-4c90-b0ac-18c6e8b956d1?file=thumbnail","suppressed_bsi":false,"actionable_workflow_roles_ssim":["admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-approving","admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-depositing","admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-managing"],"workflow_state_name_ssim":["deposited"],"member_ids_ssim":["677318ca-ccbf-4c90-b0ac-18c6e8b956d1"],"member_of_collections_ssim":["Master's Theses"],"member_of_collection_ids_ssim":["a73e1c05-49cd-4a4b-93e7-8fd66694bdf5"],"file_set_ids_ssim":["677318ca-ccbf-4c90-b0ac-18c6e8b956d1"],"visibility_ssi":"open","admin_set_tesim":["Theses and Dissertations"],"account_cname_tesim":["ctschicago.ir.atla.com"],"human_readable_type_tesim":["Etd"],"read_access_group_ssim":["public","work_editor"],"read_access_person_ssim":["jacquelyn.crutchley@ctschicago.edu"],"edit_access_group_ssim":["admin"],"_version_":1836640281179455488,"timestamp":"2025-07-03T15:31:04.637Z","score":1.0},{"system_create_dtsi":"2025-04-23T02:34:06Z","system_modified_dtsi":"2025-07-02T20:42:30Z","has_model_ssim":["Etd"],"id":"726e4c07-72b4-4127-83ca-15af69d20550","accessControl_ssim":["3b7a8737-e4c9-432c-9298-74a7b0b91c71"],"hasRelatedMediaFragment_ssim":["1c9c5cf5-237b-498e-b17c-84c9fe623bb6"],"hasRelatedImage_ssim":["1c9c5cf5-237b-498e-b17c-84c9fe623bb6"],"depositor_ssim":["abidah.ali@ctschicago.edu"],"depositor_tesim":["abidah.ali@ctschicago.edu"],"title_tesim":["Nurturing Faith: The Role of Female Scholarship in Muslim Women's Spiritual Growth"],"date_uploaded_dtsi":"2025-04-23T02:34:06Z","date_modified_dtsi":"2025-07-02T20:42:30Z","isPartOf_ssim":["admin_set/default"],"hasEmbargo_ssim":["f9e06b38-1c15-4d07-97f6-df086710ddbe"],"hasLease_ssim":["128dc3a9-64b6-49ea-aff8-eb46202f9df5"],"show_pdf_viewer_tesim":["1"],"show_pdf_download_button_tesim":["1"],"institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"degree_tesim":["Master of Arts"],"discipline_tesim":["Islamic Studies"],"degree_granting_institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"department_tesim":["Bayan Islamic Graduate School"],"year_tesim":["2025"],"resource_type_tesim":["Thesis","Research Paper"],"types_tesim":["Text"],"creator_tesim":["Ali, Abidah "],"keyword_tesim":["Mosque clergy","Islamic education","Women ","Community building","Leadership","American Muslims ","Educational morality","Spirituality","Education","Women's mentorship","Spiritual modeling"],"subject_tesim":["Religion--Study and teaching","Islam","Faith","Religious ethics","Congregations","Women clergy","Women in religion","Communities--Religious aspects","Spirituality","Interpersonal relations","Religious education","Psychology and religion","Clergy--Religious life"],"abstract_tesim":["This study explores the historical role of female scholarship in Sunni Islam, emphasizing the necessity of direct interaction between women and female scholars for their holistic religious and spiritual development. From Islam’s inception, female scholars have played a crucial role in nurturing women’s religious identity and spiritual connection. However, today in the American Muslim community, the presence of female scholars and spiritual guides remains largely absent in most local communities, limiting opportunities for women to access religious mentorship and leadership. By examining two historical female scholarly archetypes—their early lives, teaching methods, and approaches to spiritual modeling—this analysis identifies the factors that granted them religious authority while also exploring the diversity in their educational, cultural, and social strategies to enhance religious connectedness among women and their communities. The study is underpinned by the framework of Spiritual Modeling by Doug Osman and Carl Thoresen, along with Syed Attas’s Islamic Education model, which exemplify the necessity of interpersonal relationships between teachers and students, fostering women’s spiritual growth through modeling. By analyzing historical practices, this research addresses these contemporary realities of female religious authority. The study concludes with recommendations for institutions to better engage and support local female scholars and learned women, ultimately aiming to strengthen women’s spiritual identity and communal belonging. 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Project"],"types_tesim":["Text"],"creator_tesim":["Delwin Gadlen"],"subject_tesim":["Church and community","Bible--Psalms","Bible--Philippians","Decision making","Bible--Luke","Social justice","Bible--Ezekiel","Bible--Proverbs","Youth--Religious life","Church work with youth"],"abstract_tesim":["This project investigates the impact of emotional intelligence on decision-making among youth in Chicago's Greater Grand Crossing community, an area affected by high crime rates and violence. Through a mixed-methods approach combining quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, the researcher implemented a six-week emotional intelligence program for fifteen African American high school students. The intervention consisted of two community excursions (a toy distribution service project and a bowling event) and four weekly coaching sessions focused on self-awareness, empathy, assertiveness, and heart-based decision-making.\r\n\r\nThe research was grounded in both theological and theoretical frameworks that emphasized the heart as the center of meaningful behavioral change, aligning with emotional intelligence principles. Data collection included pre- and post-intervention surveys, interviews, participant journaling, direct observation, and focus groups. Results demonstrated significant improvements in participants' decision-making approaches, with measurable growth in analytical thinking, reduced reliance on external validation, and increased decision confidence. Behavioral observations revealed enhanced social skills, empathy, and leadership emergence.\r\n\r\nThe findings suggest that developing emotional intelligence provides youth with effective tools to process trauma and make better decisions. This improvement was particularly evident in the dramatic increase in participant engagement between the first and second excursions. The project contributes valuable insights into addressing youth violence through heart-focused interventions rather than solely behavior-focused approaches, offering a model for community partnerships between law enforcement, schools, and faith communities to foster positive youth development in marginalized urban contexts."],"rights_statement_tesim":["https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"thumbnail_path_ss":"/assets/work-a3b75da7abded620ab321410c80d102e5e2417b71c54de7ba7d4b0363da904f7.png","suppressed_bsi":false,"actionable_workflow_roles_ssim":["admin_set/default-default-approving","admin_set/default-default-depositing","admin_set/default-default-managing"],"workflow_state_name_ssim":["deposited"],"visibility_ssi":"open","admin_set_tesim":["Default Admin Set"],"account_cname_tesim":["rim.ir.atla.com"],"human_readable_type_tesim":["Etd"],"read_access_group_ssim":["public","work_editor"],"edit_access_group_ssim":["admin"],"edit_access_person_ssim":["dminadmin@tiu.edu"],"_version_":1830201071766601728,"timestamp":"2025-04-23T13:42:36.003Z","score":1.0},{"system_create_dtsi":"2025-04-22T18:30:33Z","system_modified_dtsi":"2025-04-23T13:45:42Z","has_model_ssim":["Etd"],"id":"a40745f5-e579-4bb8-b90f-01818f5c1a51","accessControl_ssim":["95dac829-62f2-4a7b-94fc-8cf610d558c8"],"depositor_ssim":["dminadmin@tiu.edu"],"depositor_tesim":["dminadmin@tiu.edu"],"title_tesim":["The Tipping Point Towards Christ’s Mission Through the Local Church: Leadership Towards a Lay Missional Disciple Making Culture"],"date_uploaded_dtsi":"2025-04-22T18:30:33Z","date_modified_dtsi":"2025-04-23T13:45:42Z","isPartOf_ssim":["admin_set/default"],"hasEmbargo_ssim":["4bddac11-ca8c-4a35-b6df-4deca3558c72"],"hasLease_ssim":["2ad50c23-8d0b-4847-a405-48d672158983"],"show_pdf_viewer_tesim":["1"],"show_pdf_download_button_tesim":["1"],"institution_tesim":["Atla RIM"],"degree_tesim":["Doctor of Ministry"],"degree_granting_institution_tesim":["Trinity International University"],"year_tesim":["2025"],"resource_type_tesim":["D.Min. Project"],"types_tesim":["Text"],"creator_tesim":["Mark Lennox"],"subject_tesim":["Discipling (Christianity)","Discipleship","Bible--Old Testament","Church renewal","Bible--New Testament","Mission of the church","Bible--Matthew"],"abstract_tesim":["This Major Project explores the local church´s role in raising up lay missional disciple makers. This project researches and addresses the problem that less than five percent of churches in the United States have a lay disciple making culture. The hypothesis is that a healthy church will have a minimum of thirty percent of its laity actively involved in life-on-life relational disciple making that creates a tipping point in the culture of the church. Key to this study is the idea that Jesus Christ and his method should take priority. For this reason, the title is Christ´s mission through the local church versus the church´s mission about Christ. The research investigates the biblical and theological background to missional disciple making. Literature was investigated regarding missional ecclesiology, sociological findings in connection with disciple making environments, and disciple making training methods. Three case studies of missional disciple making churches were researched. The research investigated questions of training, obstacles, structure, systems, culture, pastoral priorities and vision for lay missional disciple making in the local church. \r\n\r\nThe findings suggest that the local church can achieve the vital work of winning, building, equipping, multiplying and empowering laity to do the Great Commission. To achieve this ministry there must be clear definitions, processes, tracking, metrics, and simple reproducible methods. Significant shifts must take place in many churches to engage, train, and empower laity. When a disciple making culture is achieved there is an unlocking of ministry potential through the local church. When this happens the ministry leaders work can shift allowing for a change from ministry that is mainly seeing addition to multiplication on to movements of ministry.     \r\n"],"rights_statement_tesim":["https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"thumbnail_path_ss":"/assets/work-a3b75da7abded620ab321410c80d102e5e2417b71c54de7ba7d4b0363da904f7.png","suppressed_bsi":false,"actionable_workflow_roles_ssim":["admin_set/default-default-approving","admin_set/default-default-depositing","admin_set/default-default-managing"],"workflow_state_name_ssim":["deposited"],"visibility_ssi":"open","admin_set_tesim":["Default Admin Set"],"account_cname_tesim":["rim.ir.atla.com"],"human_readable_type_tesim":["Etd"],"read_access_group_ssim":["work_editor","public"],"edit_access_group_ssim":["admin"],"edit_access_person_ssim":["dminadmin@tiu.edu"],"_version_":1830201268339998720,"timestamp":"2025-04-23T13:45:43.470Z","score":1.0},{"system_create_dtsi":"2025-04-22T06:51:16Z","system_modified_dtsi":"2025-04-22T15:36:02Z","has_model_ssim":["Etd"],"id":"1ef5c490-552a-4704-a0a2-d6e9d7a9df04","accessControl_ssim":["fd7c0363-1540-4c86-b785-450ccdfba541"],"hasRelatedMediaFragment_ssim":["8437a30e-9cf8-48e9-97eb-7f505d173b54"],"hasRelatedImage_ssim":["8437a30e-9cf8-48e9-97eb-7f505d173b54"],"depositor_ssim":["alman.nusrat@ctschicago.edu"],"depositor_tesim":["alman.nusrat@ctschicago.edu"],"title_tesim":["Melody and Soul, Reconciling Classical Islamic Perspectives on Samāʿ and its Contemporary Engagement"],"date_uploaded_dtsi":"2025-04-22T06:51:15Z","date_modified_dtsi":"2025-04-22T15:36:02Z","isPartOf_ssim":["admin_set/default"],"hasEmbargo_ssim":["ee0a28cd-cf7c-490a-a964-1ab776d3271c"],"hasLease_ssim":["31074ab4-8996-41e8-b1c1-033174000ca1"],"show_pdf_viewer_tesim":["0"],"show_pdf_download_button_tesim":["0"],"institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"degree_tesim":["Master of Arts"],"discipline_tesim":["Islamic Studies"],"degree_granting_institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"department_tesim":["Bayan Islamic Graduate School"],"year_tesim":["2025"],"resource_type_tesim":["Thesis"],"types_tesim":["Text"],"creator_tesim":["Nusrat, Alman"],"keyword_tesim":["Islamic Spirituality","Islam and Art","Islam and Music"],"subject_tesim":["Islamic art","Music--Religious aspects--Islam","Islamic music","Islam","Spirituality--Islam","Religious art"],"abstract_tesim":["The permissibility of Samāʿ, or spiritual audition, often associated with expressions of musical instrumentation and singing, has been heavily debated throughout Islamic history. This paper explores how the Islamic tradition, particularly through the perspectives of Imam Al-Ghazālī and Ibn ʿArabī, conceptualizes Samāʿ and musical\r\nexpression as a spiritual practice. By examining these perspectives, the paper aims to inform contemporary engagements with musical expression. This thesis argues that discussions related to Samāʿ and musical engagement, as expressed by Al-Ghazālī and\r\nIbn ʿArabī, transcend the historical tension between legality and spirituality and thus offer a transformative framework for understanding the role of music and imagination in Islamic spirituality and creative agency in the modern context. This work bridges\r\nclassical interpretations of Samāʿ with modern expressions of faith-inspired music to demonstrate the relevance of music as a medium for spiritual transformation, societal change, and communication of theology and/or spiritual concepts. It highlights how\r\nclassical scholarship on Samāʿ empowers Muslims to engage with music in ways that cultivate Islamic spirituality. This is explored through discussions on intentionality in the Islamic spiritual tradition and examples of Samāʿ in genres such as Qawwālī and Hip Hop. By analyzing contemporary engagement with Samāʿ, the paper offers practical insights to help modern Muslims nurture and elevate their spirituality through music."],"rights_statement_tesim":["https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"thumbnail_path_ss":"/downloads/8437a30e-9cf8-48e9-97eb-7f505d173b54?file=thumbnail","suppressed_bsi":false,"actionable_workflow_roles_ssim":["admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-approving","admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-depositing","admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-managing"],"workflow_state_name_ssim":["deposited"],"member_ids_ssim":["8437a30e-9cf8-48e9-97eb-7f505d173b54"],"member_of_collections_ssim":["Master's Theses"],"member_of_collection_ids_ssim":["a73e1c05-49cd-4a4b-93e7-8fd66694bdf5"],"file_set_ids_ssim":["8437a30e-9cf8-48e9-97eb-7f505d173b54"],"visibility_ssi":"open","admin_set_tesim":["Theses and Dissertations"],"account_cname_tesim":["ctschicago.ir.atla.com"],"human_readable_type_tesim":["Etd"],"read_access_group_ssim":["public","work_editor"],"read_access_person_ssim":["alman.nusrat@ctschicago.edu"],"edit_access_group_ssim":["admin"],"_version_":1830117617144168448,"timestamp":"2025-04-22T15:36:07.473Z","score":1.0},{"system_create_dtsi":"2025-04-21T19:57:27Z","system_modified_dtsi":"2025-07-03T16:18:34Z","has_model_ssim":["Etd"],"id":"f0116b0e-d43c-4c3a-bf39-f08b13223eac","accessControl_ssim":["889dba20-6b97-4b5a-84a3-facfe6316db5"],"hasRelatedMediaFragment_ssim":["98c9da53-e05f-4aea-bda1-747eaf715106"],"hasRelatedImage_ssim":["98c9da53-e05f-4aea-bda1-747eaf715106"],"depositor_ssim":["jason.smith@ctschicago.edu"],"depositor_tesim":["jason.smith@ctschicago.edu"],"title_tesim":["Self-Racialized Religion and Christian Identity: The Case of the Church of Israel (Schell City, Missouri)"],"date_uploaded_dtsi":"2025-04-21T19:57:27Z","date_modified_dtsi":"2025-07-03T16:18:34Z","isPartOf_ssim":["admin_set/default"],"hasEmbargo_ssim":["460a6121-0686-4a8d-bdca-55a4a25b28e2"],"hasLease_ssim":["62978311-16c8-4e8b-91cf-4c28f422a308"],"show_pdf_viewer_tesim":["0"],"show_pdf_download_button_tesim":["0"],"institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"degree_tesim":["Master of Arts"],"discipline_tesim":["Religious Studies"],"degree_granting_institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"year_tesim":["2025"],"resource_type_tesim":["Thesis"],"types_tesim":["Text"],"creator_tesim":["Smith, Jason R."],"keyword_tesim":["Racialization","Racism","Christian Identity"],"subject_tesim":["Racism","Christian Identity"],"abstract_tesim":["The Church of Israel (Schell City, MO) and its pastor, Dan Gayman, are longtime bulwarks of the Christian Identity Movement, a fringe branch of Christianity which combines White racism and antisemitism with religion. In the case of the Church of Israel, it is believed that White Aryans are to be considered Israel, and that they are ontologically different in origins and nature from Jews and non-Whites. This paper explores the history and theology of Christian Identity and focuses on the concepts of identity fetishism and narrative construction to explore a core tenet of Christian Identity, religious self-racialization. Utilizing primary and secondary sources, the paper also analyzes the appeal and dangers of religious racialization of the Self and others. The topic of this paper seems prescient because of the current rise of White Christian Nationalism at work in the United States."],"rights_statement_tesim":["https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-EDU/1.0/"],"thumbnail_path_ss":"/downloads/98c9da53-e05f-4aea-bda1-747eaf715106?file=thumbnail","suppressed_bsi":false,"actionable_workflow_roles_ssim":["admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-approving","admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-depositing","admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-managing"],"workflow_state_name_ssim":["deposited"],"member_ids_ssim":["98c9da53-e05f-4aea-bda1-747eaf715106"],"file_set_ids_ssim":["98c9da53-e05f-4aea-bda1-747eaf715106"],"visibility_ssi":"open","admin_set_tesim":["Theses and Dissertations"],"account_cname_tesim":["ctschicago.ir.atla.com"],"human_readable_type_tesim":["Etd"],"read_access_group_ssim":["work_editor","public"],"read_access_person_ssim":["jason.smith@ctschicago.edu"],"edit_access_group_ssim":["admin"],"_version_":1836643273307848704,"timestamp":"2025-07-03T16:18:38.154Z","score":1.0},{"system_create_dtsi":"2025-04-21T19:55:14Z","system_modified_dtsi":"2025-07-03T19:50:28Z","has_model_ssim":["Etd"],"id":"ec8c56ea-294e-4004-9625-44934c10ddcd","accessControl_ssim":["0df4a9fe-f27f-4d7c-b053-1dc2443bff47"],"hasRelatedMediaFragment_ssim":["d8b7a35b-6eda-404d-82da-c7555a682085"],"hasRelatedImage_ssim":["d8b7a35b-6eda-404d-82da-c7555a682085"],"depositor_ssim":["jessica.margraveschirm@ctschicago.edu"],"depositor_tesim":["jessica.margraveschirm@ctschicago.edu"],"title_tesim":["Preaching to Remember, Recognize and Re-Invigorate - Empowering Grinnell United Church of Christ Congregational to Re-Imagine its Activist Roots and be a Force for Justice in the Twenty-First Century"],"date_uploaded_dtsi":"2025-04-21T19:55:13Z","date_modified_dtsi":"2025-07-03T19:50:28Z","isPartOf_ssim":["admin_set/default"],"hasEmbargo_ssim":["ab29e800-3b80-42cd-a005-863220f5d41a"],"hasLease_ssim":["28fd1bc5-9f78-4d6c-9f24-a35b429f1b8c"],"show_pdf_viewer_tesim":["0"],"show_pdf_download_button_tesim":["0"],"institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"degree_tesim":["Doctor of Ministry in Preaching"],"discipline_tesim":["Preaching"],"degree_granting_institution_tesim":["Chicago Theological Seminary"],"year_tesim":["2025"],"resource_type_tesim":["D.Min. 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This project explores the role of preaching in mobilizing the congregation to reclaim its abolitionist roots, engage in contemporary struggles for justice, and transform into a force for ethical and political activism in the Twenty-First Century.\r\n\r\nThe church’s commitment to social justice has evolved through multiple historical movements, including the Social Gospel Movement of the early Twentieth Century and the Civil Rights Movement, and most recently, through its adoption of an Open and Affirming covenant and a focus on accessibility and economic justice. Despite these efforts, there is an ongoing need to deepen the congregation’s engagement with justice in ways that address both historical and contemporary issues, particularly through the lens of abolitionist and liberation theologies. This project, therefore, examines how preaching through an activist and social justice-oriented lens can catalyze the congregation’s growth in this way and reimagine its role in promoting justice.\r\n\r\nBy remembering the church’s abolitionist past, recognizing its current justice priorities and re-invigorating the congregation’s imagination of a more just world in the future, this research aims to empower Grinnell UCC to take more effective action in its local context, with a focus on how privilege and positionality can be leveraged in the pursuit of justice. Ultimately, this work seeks to inspire both the present congregation and future generations of Grinnell UCC members to continue the church’s legacy of justice, ensuring that the faith community remains a vital force for positive change in the world, rooted in the teachings of Jesus with a commitment to the flourishing of all people.\r\n\r\n"],"rights_statement_tesim":["https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/"],"thumbnail_path_ss":"/downloads/d8b7a35b-6eda-404d-82da-c7555a682085?file=thumbnail","suppressed_bsi":false,"actionable_workflow_roles_ssim":["admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-approving","admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-depositing","admin_set/default-one_step_mediated_deposit-managing"],"workflow_state_name_ssim":["deposited"],"member_ids_ssim":["d8b7a35b-6eda-404d-82da-c7555a682085"],"member_of_collections_ssim":["DMin Papers"],"member_of_collection_ids_ssim":["5fee7d74-6f58-4c88-a3b1-860b847dd7c2"],"file_set_ids_ssim":["d8b7a35b-6eda-404d-82da-c7555a682085"],"visibility_ssi":"open","admin_set_tesim":["Theses and Dissertations"],"account_cname_tesim":["ctschicago.ir.atla.com"],"human_readable_type_tesim":["Etd"],"read_access_group_ssim":["public","work_editor"],"read_access_person_ssim":["jessica.margraveschirm@ctschicago.edu"],"edit_access_group_ssim":["admin"],"_version_":1836656604038037504,"timestamp":"2025-07-03T19:50:31.329Z","score":1.0},{"system_create_dtsi":"2025-04-21T19:14:40Z","system_modified_dtsi":"2025-04-21T19:14:42Z","has_model_ssim":["Etd"],"id":"375aeb15-e1b1-48c6-802a-ad567557b517","accessControl_ssim":["0c497667-b272-49c4-a1a0-3e89e9f6fe0e"],"depositor_ssim":["jsims@pts.edu"],"depositor_tesim":["jsims@pts.edu"],"title_tesim":["Where Two or Three Are Gathered: Contemplative Prayer as Place-Making Mission "],"date_uploaded_dtsi":"2025-04-21T19:14:39Z","date_modified_dtsi":"2025-04-21T19:14:39Z","isPartOf_ssim":["admin_set/default"],"hasEmbargo_ssim":["bb1795ff-e5e8-4521-a7b1-affcc20b73e6"],"hasLease_ssim":["9de8f530-b0af-4f30-a8e5-9650342fff7e"],"show_pdf_viewer_tesim":["1"],"show_pdf_download_button_tesim":["1"],"institution_tesim":["Atla RIM"],"degree_tesim":["Doctor of Ministry "],"degree_granting_institution_tesim":["Pittsburgh Theological Seminary"],"year_tesim":["2025"],"resource_type_tesim":["D.Min. 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This work argues that the habitual kenotic practice of contemplative prayer may open participants for engagement in the neighborhood, allowing for a wide, dynamic and particular place-making where self is freed for mission within and without the church. 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However, within the Islamic tradition, they are approached from a distinct ontological perspective that signifies a different reality and requires a different method of approach. This paper examines the teachings of the Ṣūfī saint and scholar, Shaykh ʿAbd al-Qādir al-Jīlānī, on discerning and addressing ʾibtilāʾ. Shaykh al-Jīlānī’s teachings are contextualized within the historical backdrop of the First Crusade, along with his own personal experiences with trials and tribulations. A theoretical framework for understanding ʾibtilāʾ is then developed through a systematic approach to religion (dīn), followed by an examination of the practical applications and consequences of Shaykh al-Jīlānī’s teachings during the Sunnī revival period, particularly his influence on responses to the Crusades. Shaykh al-Jīlānī’s teachings instilled resilience in his followers, encouraging them to confront challenges while striving toward higher spiritual objectives centered on seeking God. Widely recognized by his title al-Ghawth al-Aʿaẓam (The Supreme Helper), his sublime spiritual influence continues to aid those navigating their own trials and tribulations. 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Metaphysical frameworks that are inconsistent with this contention are often rooted in essentialist ideology, whereas those that accommodate it are by and large labeled as existentialist. But how does performativity, a theory lauded as an unadulterated existentialist one, stand up against a rigorous investigation for coherence? This paper argues that upon its analysis in formal terms and the parsing of its assumptions, implications, and extrapolations, the theory fails to retain its strength and coherence. A surprising solution utilizing Edward Zalta’s unconventional characterization of modal essentialism is proposed.  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